Phytochemical Profiling and Anticholinesterase Activity of Alpinia zerumbet: A Potential Source of Natural Therapeutics

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt

2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt

3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University. South Sinai, Egypt

4 Centre for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt

Abstract

Alpinia zerumbet is an economically important species that belongs to the family Zingiberaceae. It is widely used in traditional medicines and nutraceuticals. This study explores the phytochemical constituents of the extracts of both leaves and rhizomes of A. zerumbet together with their in-vitro anticholinesterase effect. Using the LC/MS-MS technique, both leaves and rhizomes of A. zerumbet were analyzed leading to the annotation of 24 constituents in the methanolic extract of the leaves and 23 constituents in the rhizomes extract encompassing various classes including phenolic acids, flavonoids, kavalactones, diarylheptanoids, gingerols and terpenoids. Both extracts demonstrated promising anticholinesterase activity, with the rhizomes exhibiting a stronger effect (IC50 = 2.229 ± 0.077 µg/mL) compared to the leaves (IC50 = 3.573 ± 0.123 µg/mL). Tacrine served as the standard for anticholinesterase activity, with an IC50 = 0.428 ± 0.015 µg/mL. The results suggest that A. zerumbet, particularly its rhizomes, holds potential as a natural source of anticholinesterase agents, warranting further investigation for therapeutic applications.

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